Turkey, a country the size of Texas, is a spectacular birding and cultural tours destination. This fascinating nation boasts an ancient history, from even before centuries of Greek Roman and Byzantine domination, through the 500-year Ottoman Empire and into the modern era. Needless to say, with such a pedigree the country holds some very impressive archaeological and cultural sites. However, it is the birds that are of primary interest to us as here, at the eastern limits of the Western Palearctic, including some very special and seldom-seen species such as Caucasian Chiffchaff, Green Warbler, Mongolian Finch and Grey-headed Bunting.